% Encoding: UTF-8

@Article{Leeper2017,
  author    = {Leeper, Thomas J.},
  title     = {How Does Treatment Self-Selection Affect Inferences About Political Communication?},
  journal   = {Journal of Experimental Political Science},
  year      = {2017},
  volume    = {4},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {21--33},
  abstract  = {Ecological validity is vital to experimental research because designs that are too artificial may not speak to any real-world political phenomenon. One such concern is treatment of self-selection: if individuals in the real-world self-select treatments, such as political communications, how well does the sample average treatment effect estimate the effects of message exposure for those individuals who would---if given the choice---opt-in to and out of receiving treatment? This study shows that randomization masks effect heterogeneity between individuals who would select different messages if given the choice. Yet, such selections are themselves complex, revealing additional challenges for realistically studying treatments prone to self-selection. The evidence of effect heterogeneity raises questions about the appropriateness of random assignment experiments for studying political communication and the results more broadly advance our understanding of citizens’ selection into and responses to communications when, as they often do, have choice over what messages to receive.},
  doi       = {10.1017/xps.2017.1},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press ({CUP})},
  timestamp = {2018-05-05},
}

@Article{KnoxYamamotoBaumBerinsky2019,
  author    = {Dean Knox and Teppei Yamamoto and Matthew A. Baum and Adam J. Berinsky},
  title     = {Design, Identification, and Sensitivity Analysis for Patient Preference Trials},
  journal   = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
  year      = {2019},
  volume    = {0},
  number    = {0},
  pages     = {1-27},
  doi       = {10.1080/01621459.2019.1585248},
  eprint    = {https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2019.1585248},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  timestamp = {2019-12-27},
  url       = { 
        https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2019.1585248
    
},
}

@Article{Leeper2014,
  author    = {Leeper, Thomas J.},
  title     = {The Informational Basis for Mass Polarization},
  journal   = {Public Opinion Quarterly},
  year      = {2014},
  volume    = {78},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {27--46},
  month     = {Spring},
  abstract  = {If nothing else, democratic politics requires compromise. Mass polarization, where citizens disagree strongly and those disagreements magnify over time, presents obvious threats to democratic wellbeing. The overwhelming presumption is that if polarization is occurring, a substantial portion of it is attributable to the fragmentation attendant an increasingly choice-laden media environment where individuals expose themselves only to opinion-reinforcing information. Under what conditions does mass opinion polarization occur? Through two over-time laboratory experiments involving information choice behavior, this paper considers, first, the effects of slant in one's information environment on over-time opinion dynamics and, second, the moderating role of attitude importance on those effects. The experiments reveal that, despite similar information search behavior, those with strong attitudes are dogmatic, resisting even substantial contrary evidence; those with weak attitudes, by contrast, hear opposing arguments and develop moderate opinions regardless of the prevalence of those arguments in their environment. Evaluations of information, rather than information search behavior per se, explain why individuals with strong attitudes polarize and those with weak attitudes do not. Polarization therefore seems to require more than media fragmentation and, in fact, a more important factor may be the strength of citizens' prior attitudes on particular issues.},
  address   = {Chicago, IL},
  file      = {:Leeper (POQ, 2014).pdf:PDF},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects, ParallelExperiment, Dissertation},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@InCollection{GainesKuklinski2011a,
  author    = {Gaines, Brian J. and Kuklinski, James H.},
  title     = {Treatment Effects},
  booktitle = {Cambridge Handbook of Experimental Political Science},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2011},
  editor    = {Druckman, James N. and Green, Donald P. and Kuklinski, James H. and Lupia, Arthur},
  chapter   = {31},
  pages     = {445--458},
  address   = {New York},
  keywords  = {Dissertation, Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects, EnvironmentPolarization, Syllabi, Byproduct Exposure, ParallelExperiment, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{HuffTingley2015,
  author    = {Huff, Connor and Tingley, Dustin},
  title     = {`Who are these people?' Evaluating the Demographic Characteristics and Political Preferences of MTurk Survey Respondents},
  journal   = {Research \& Politics},
  year      = {2015},
  volume    = {2},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {1--12},
  month     = jul #{-} # sep,
  issn      = {2053-1680},
  abstract  = {As Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) has surged in popularity throughout political science, scholars have increasingly challenged the external validity of inferences made drawing upon MTurk samples. At workshops and conferences experimental and survey-based researchers hear questions about the demographic characteristics, political preferences, occupation, and geographic location of MTurk respondents. In this paper we answer these questions and present a number of novel results. By introducing a new benchmark comparison for MTurk surveys, the Cooperative Congressional Election Survey, we compare the joint distributions of age, gender, and race among MTurk respondents within the United States. In addition, we compare political, occupational, and geographical information about respondents from MTurk and CCES. Throughout the paper we show several ways that political scientists can use the strengths of MTurk to attract respondents with specific characteristics of interest to best answer their substantive research questions.},
  doi       = {10.1177/2053168015604648},
  file      = {:Huff, Tingley (RandP, 2015).pdf:PDF},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications},
  url       = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053168015604648},
}

@Article{KrupnikovLevine2014,
  author    = {Krupnikov, Yanna and Levine, Adam Seth},
  title     = {Cross-Sample Comparisons and External Validity},
  journal   = {Journal of Experimental Political Science},
  year      = {2014},
  volume    = {1},
  number    = mar,
  pages     = {59--80},
  month     = {1},
  abstract  = {Experimentation is an increasingly popular method among political scientists. While experiments are highly advantageous for creating internally valid conclusions, they are often criticized for being low on external validity. Critical to questions of external validity are the types of subjects who participate in a given experiment, with scholars typically arguing that samples of adults are more externally valid then student samples. Despite the vociferousness of such arguments, these claims have received little empirical treatment. In this paper we empirically test for key differences between student and adult samples by conducting four parallel experiments on each of the three samples commonly used by political scientists. We find that our student and diverse, national adult sample behave consistently and in line with theoretical predictions once relevant moderators are taken into account. The same is not true for our adult convenience sample.},
  doi       = {10.1017/xps.2014.7},
  file      = {:Krupnikov, Levine (Working paper, 2013).pdf:PDF;:Krupnikov, Levine (ISPP Conf paper, 2012).pdf:PDF;:Krupnikov, Levine (XPS, 2014).pdf:PDF},
  timestamp = {2014.08.21},
}

@Article{GainesKuklinski2011b,
  author      = {Gaines, Brian J. and Kuklinski, James H.},
  title       = {Experimental Estimation of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Related to Self-Selection},
  journal     = {American Journal of Political Science},
  year        = {2011},
  volume      = {55},
  number      = {3},
  pages       = {724--736},
  month       = may,
  issn        = {00925853},
  address     = {Urbana-Champaign, IL},
  doi         = {10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00518.x},
  file        = {:Gaines, Kuklinski (JOP draft, 2010) - Self-selection.pdf:pdf;:Gaines, Kuklinski (AJPS, 2011).pdf:pdf},
  institution = {University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign},
  keywords    = {Dissertation, methods, prospectus, Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Byproduct Exposure, ParallelExperiment, ExposurePreferences},
  owner       = {Thomas},
  timestamp   = {2013.12.11},
  url         = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00518.x},
}

@Article{Sidanietal2009a,
  author    = {Sidani, Souraya and Miranda, Joyal and Epstein, Dana and Fox, Mary},
  title     = {Influence of Treatment Preferences on Validity: A Review},
  journal   = {Canadian Journal of Nursing Research},
  year      = {2009},
  volume    = {41},
  number    = {4},
  pages     = {52--67},
  file      = {:Sidani, Miranda, Epstein, Fox (Canadian J Nursing R, 2009).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects, Dissertation},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{Barabasetal2015,
  author    = {Barabas, Jason and Jerit, Jennifer and Pollock, William and Rainey, Carlisle},
  title     = {The Question(s) of Political Knowledge},
  journal   = {American Political Science Review},
  year      = {2014},
  volume    = {108},
  number    = {4},
  pages     = {840--855},
  month     = nov,
  abstract  = {Political knowledge is a central concept in the study of public opinion and political behavior. Yet what the field collectively believes about this construct is based on dozens of studies using different indicators of knowledge. We identify two theoretically relevant dimensions: a temporal dimension that corresponds to the time when a fact was established and a topical dimension that relates to whether the fact is policy-specific or general. The resulting typology yields four types of knowledge questions. In an analysis of more than 300 knowledge items from the late 2000s, we examine whether classic findings regarding the predictors of knowledge withstand differences across types of questions. In the case of education and the mass media, the mechanisms for becoming informed operate differently across question types. However, differences in the levels of knowledge between men and women are robust, reinforcing the importance of including genderrelevant items in knowledge batteries.},
  doi       = {10.1017/S0003055414000392},
  file      = {:Barabas, Jerit, Pollock, Rainey (APSR, 2014).pdf:PDF},
  timestamp = {2014.10.15},
}

@Article{AalbergvanAelstCurran2010,
  author  = {Aalberg, Toril and van Aelst, Peter and Curran, James},
  title   = {Media Systems and the Political Information Environment: A Cross-National Comparison},
  journal = {Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics},
  year    = {2010},
  volume  = {15},
  number  = {3},
  pages   = {255--271},
  month   = may,
  issn    = {1940-1612},
  doi     = {10.1177/1940161210367422},
  file    = {:Aalberg, van Aelst, Curran (Press Pol, 2010) - Media Systems and the Political Infomration Environment.pdf:pdf},
  url     = {http://hij.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1940161210367422},
}

@Book{IyengarKinder1987,
  title     = {News That Matters: Television and {American} Opinion},
  publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
  year      = {1987},
  author    = {Iyengar, Shanto and Kinder, Donald R.},
  address   = {Chicago, IL},
  isbn      = {0226388573},
  abstract  = {American Politics and Political Economy Series},
  keywords  = {ParallelExperiment, prospectus, PoliticalGroups, reporting standards, Syllabi, Dissertation},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  pages     = {196},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.amazon.com/News-That-Matters-Television-Political/dp/0226388573},
}

@Article{JeritBarabasBolsen2006,
  author    = {Jerit, Jennifer and Barabas, Jason and Bolsen, Toby},
  title     = {Citizens, Knowledge, and the Information Environment},
  journal   = {American Journal of Political Science},
  year      = {2006},
  volume    = {50},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {266--282},
  issn      = {1540-5907},
  file      = {:Jerit, Barabas, Bolsen (AJPS, 2006).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Byproduct Exposure, Dissertation, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {Wiley Online Library},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00183.x/full},
}

@Article{Feldmanetal2013,
  author    = {Feldman, Lauren and Stroud, Natalie Jomini and Bimber, Bruce and Wojcieszak, Magdalena E.},
  title     = {Assessing Selective Exposure in Experiments: The Implications of Different Methodological Choices},
  journal   = {Communication Methods and Measures},
  year      = {2013},
  number    = {August},
  pages     = {37--41},
  doi       = {10.1080/19312458.2013.813923},
  file      = {:Feldman, Stroud, Bimber, Wojcieszak (CommMM, 2013).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{BerinskyKinder2008,
  author    = {Berinsky, Adam J. and Kinder, Donald R.},
  title     = {Making Sense of Issues Through Media Frames: Understanding the Kosovo Crisis},
  journal   = {The Journal of Politics},
  year      = {2006},
  volume    = {68},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {640--656},
  month     = jul,
  issn      = {0022-3816},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1468-2508.2006.00451.x},
  file      = {:Berinsky, Kinder (JOP, 2006).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Meta-analysis},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract\_S0022381600008690},
}

@Article{NelsonClawsonOxley1997,
  author    = {Nelson, Thomas E. and Clawson, Rosalee A. and Oxley, Zoe M.},
  title     = {Media Framing of a Civil Liberties Conflict and Its Effect on Tolerance},
  journal   = {American Political Science Review},
  year      = {1997},
  volume    = {91},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {567--583},
  file      = {:Nelson, Clawson, Oxley (APSR, 1997).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Meta-analysis, PoliticalGroups, AttitudeStructure, PretreatmentDirection, Dissertation, Reporting standards, ParallelExperiment},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {JSTOR},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/2952075},
}

@Article{PettyCacioppo1986,
  author    = {Petty, Richard E. and Cacioppo, John T.},
  title     = {The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion},
  journal   = {Advances in Experimental Social Psychology},
  year      = {1986},
  volume    = {19},
  pages     = {123--205},
  file      = {:Petty, Cacioppo (Advances in Exp Soc Psych, 1986).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {prospectus, psychology, FAVORITE, ParallelExperiment, Byproduct Exposure, Dissertation, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Syllabi, PoliticalGroups, EnvironmentPolarization, reporting standards},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://books.google.com/books?hl=en\&amp;lr=\&amp;id=UPl-PadJSRQC\&amp;oi=fnd\&amp;pg=PA123\&amp;dq=The+Elaboration+Likelihood+Model+of+Persuasion\&amp;ots=scv8gn9HnN\&amp;sig=2mXr0vcqQYCY8Imevpu3AZdya-k},
}

@Article{ArceneauxJohnsonMurphy2012,
  author    = {Arceneaux, Kevin and Johnson, Martin and Murphy, Chad},
  title     = {Polarized Political Communication, Oppositional Media Hostility, and Selective Exposure},
  journal   = {The Journal of Politics},
  year      = {2012},
  volume    = {74},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {174--186},
  month     = feb,
  issn      = {0022-3816},
  doi       = {10.1017/S002238161100123X},
  file      = {:Arceneaux, Johson, Murphy (JOP, 2012).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Byproduct Exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract\_S002238161100123X},
}

@Book{Lupia2015,
  title     = {Uninformed: Why People Know So Little about Politics and what We Can Do about it},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2015},
  author    = {Lupia, Arthur},
  isbn      = {9780190263720},
  lccn      = {2015025315},
  url       = {https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=zYChCgAAQBAJ},
}

@Article{TichenorDonohueOlien1970,
  author    = {Tichenor, P. J. and Donohue, G. A. and Olien, C. N.},
  title     = {Mass Media Flow and Differential Growth in Knowledge},
  journal   = {Public Opinion Quarterly},
  year      = {1970},
  volume    = {34},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {159--170},
  issn      = {0033-362X},
  file      = {:Tichenor, Donohue, Olien (POQ, 1970).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Dissertation, Byproduct Exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {AAPOR},
  timestamp = {2019-04-24},
  url       = {http://poq.oxfordjournals.org/content/34/2/159.abstract},
}

@Book{Prior2007,
  title     = {Post-Broadcast Democracy: How Media Choice Increases Inequality in Political Involvement and Polarizes Elections},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2007},
  author    = {Prior, Markus},
  address   = {New York},
  isbn      = {0521858720},
  file      = {:Prior (Chapter, 2007).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Byproduct Exposure, Dissertation, ObservedSelectiveExposure, prospectus, Syllabi, EnvironmentPolarization, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Exposure Preferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://books.google.com/books?hl=en\&amp;lr=\&amp;id=o37mHuY7OWkC\&amp;oi=fnd\&amp;pg=PA7\&amp;dq=Post-Broadcast+Democracy\&amp;ots=12lKNjcXH9\&amp;sig=BUt5PLAHj67B2Zz4Hn9F2wycD\_s},
}

@Article{KnoblochWesterwicketal2005,
  author    = {Knobloch-westerwick, Silvia and Sharma, Nikhil and Hansen, Derek L. and Alter, Scott},
  title     = {Impact of Popularity Indications on Readers' Selective Exposure to Online News},
  journal   = {Journal of Broadcasting \& Electronic Media},
  year      = {2005},
  volume    = {49},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {296--313},
  abstract  = {Selecting news online may differ from traditional news choices, as most formal importance indicators in traditional media do not convert directly to online news. However, online portals feature news recommendations based on collaborative filtering. To investigate how recommendations affect information choices, 93 participants browsed online news that featured explicit (average rating) or implicit (times viewed) recommendations or no recommendations (control group) while news exposure was logged. Participants picked more articles if the portal featured explicit recommendations, and stronger explicit recommendations instigated longer exposure to associated articles. Implicit recommendations produced a curvilinear effect with longer exposure for low and high numbers.},
  doi       = {10.1207/s15506878jobem4903_3},
  file      = {:Knobloch-Westerwick, Sharma, Hansen, Alter (JBEM, 2005).pdf:PDF},
  timestamp = {2019-04-24},
}

@Book{Levendusky2012,
  title     = {Partisan News that Matters: How Partisan News Impacts {American} Politics},
  publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
  year      = {2012},
  author    = {Levendusky, Matthew S.},
  address   = {Chicago, IL},
  file      = {:Levendusky (Manuscript, 2011) - Partisan News that Matters Ch1-3.pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects, Dissertation, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Byproduct Exposure, ExposurePreferences, selective exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{Bartels1993,
  author    = {Bartels, Larry M.},
  title     = {Messages Received: The Political Impact of Media Exposure},
  journal   = {American Political Science Review},
  year      = {1993},
  volume    = {87},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {267--285},
  issn      = {0003-0554},
  file      = {:Bartels (APSR, 1993).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {ParallelExperiment, Syllabi, reporting standards, selective exposure, PanelStability, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {JSTOR},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/2939040},
}

@Article{Levendusky2013,
  author  = {Levendusky, Matthew S.},
  title   = {Partisan Media Exposure and Attitudes Toward the Opposition},
  journal = {Political Communication},
  year    = {2013},
  volume  = {30},
  number  = {4},
  pages   = {565--581},
  month   = oct,
  issn    = {1058-4609},
  doi     = {10.1080/10584609.2012.737435},
  file    = {:Levendusky (PolComm, 2013).pdf:pdf},
  url     = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10584609.2012.737435},
}

@Article{DruckmanFeinLeeper2012,
  author    = {Druckman, James N. and Fein, Jordan and Leeper, Thomas J.},
  title     = {A Source of Bias in Public Opinion Stability},
  journal   = {American Political Science Review},
  year      = {2012},
  volume    = {106},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {430--454},
  address   = {Seattle, WA},
  doi       = {10.1017/S0003055412000123},
  file      = {:Druckman, Fein, Leeper (APSR, 2012).pdf:pdf;:Druckman, Fein, Leeper Framing and Biased Information Search (APSA Version).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects, EnvironmentPolarization, Dissertation, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagmement, AttitudeStructure, PanelStability, Byproduct Exposure, ParallelExperiment, EpxosurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Book{Neuman1986,
  title     = {The Paradox of Mass Politics: Knowledge and Opinion in the {American} Electorate},
  publisher = {Harvard University Press},
  year      = {1986},
  author    = {Neuman, W. Russell},
  isbn      = {0674654609},
  annote    = {From Duplicate 2 ( The Paradox of Mass Politics: Knowledge and Opinion in the American Electorate - Neuman, W. Russell )},
  file      = {:Neuman (Ch, 1986).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {DKs, Citizen competence, Syllabi, Dissertation, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  pages     = {256},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.amazon.com/Paradox-Mass-Politics-Knowledge-Electorate/dp/0674654609},
}

@Article{BrewerGross2005,
  author    = {Brewer, Paul R. and Gross, Kimberly},
  title     = {Values, Framing, and Citizens' Thoughts about Policy Issues: Effects on Content and Quantity},
  journal   = {Political Psychology},
  year      = {2005},
  volume    = {26},
  number    = {6},
  pages     = {929--948},
  month     = dec,
  issn      = {0162-895X},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1467-9221.2005.00451.x},
  file      = {:Brewer, Gross (Pol Psych, 2005).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {a political controversy may, among, compassion, counterframing, deliberation, e, equality, even, framing effects, g, in some cases, in terms of values, issues, often attempt to define, open-ended survey responses, or frame, politicians and political activists, that are widely cherished, the public, two opposing sides in, values},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2019-04-24},
}

@Article{BaekWojcieszak2009,
  author    = {Baek, Young Min and Wojcieszak, Magdalena E.},
  title     = {Don't Expect Too Much! Learning From Late-Night Comedy and Knowledge Item Difficulty},
  journal   = {Communication Research},
  year      = {2009},
  volume    = {36},
  number    = {6},
  pages     = {783--809},
  month     = oct,
  issn      = {0093-6502},
  doi       = {10.1177/0093650209346805},
  file      = {:Baek, Wojcieszak (CommR, 2009).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Byproduct Exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://crx.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0093650209346805},
}

@Book{Stroud2011,
  title     = {Niche News: The Politics of News Choice},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2011},
  author    = {Stroud, Natalie Jomini},
  address   = {New York},
  keywords  = {StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Dissertation, EnvironmentPolarization, ExposurePreferences, Byproduct Exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{Parkin2009,
  author    = {Parkin, Michael},
  title     = {Taking Late Night Comedy Seriously: How Candidate Appearances on Late Night Television Can Engage Viewers},
  journal   = {Political Research Quarterly},
  year      = {2009},
  volume    = {63},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {3--15},
  month     = jan,
  issn      = {1065-9129},
  doi       = {10.1177/1065912908327604},
  file      = {:Parkin (PRQ, 2010).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Byproduct Exposure, Dissertation, elections and voting behavior, political, political communication, political psychology, public opinion},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://prq.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1065912908327604},
}

@Article{DilliplaneGoldmanMutz2012,
  author    = {Dilliplane, Susanna and Goldman, Seth K. and Mutz, Diana C.},
  title     = {Televised Exposure to Politics: New Measures for a Fragmented Media Environment},
  journal   = {American Journal of Political Science},
  year      = {2012},
  volume    = {In press},
  pages     = {32--47},
  annote    = {From Duplicate 2 ( Televised Exposure to Politics - Dilliplane, Susanna; Goldman, Seth K.; Mutz, Diana C. )},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00600.x},
  file      = {:Dilliplane, Goldman, Mutz (AJPS, 2012).pdf:pdf;:Dilliplane, Goldman, Mutz (AJPS, 2012) - Supplemental Material.pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {ExposurePreferences, Byproduct Exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Book{DelliCarpiniKeeter1997,
  title     = {What {Americans} Know about Politics and Why It Matters},
  publisher = {Yale University Press},
  year      = {1997},
  author    = {Delli Carpini, Michael X. and Keeter, Scott},
  address   = {New Haven, CT},
  isbn      = {0300072759},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, Dissertation, Syllabi, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Byproduct Exposure, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  pages     = {416},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.amazon.com/What-Americans-about-Politics-Matters/dp/0300072759},
}

@Article{BrewerCao2006,
  author    = {Brewer, Paul R. and Cao, Xiaoxia},
  title     = {Candidate Appearances on Soft News Shows and Public Knowledge About Primary Campaigns},
  journal   = {Journal of Broadcasting \& Electronic Media},
  year      = {2006},
  volume    = {50},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {18--35},
  file      = {:Brewer, Cao (J Broadcasting Electronic Media, 2006).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Byproduct Exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Misc{Leeper2012c,
  author    = {Leeper, Thomas J.},
  title     = {MTurkR: Access to Amazon Mechanical Turk Requester API},
  year      = {2012},
  keywords  = {Dissertation, MTurkR, PretreatmentDirection},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {R package version 0.1},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.thomasleeper.com/MTurkR/index.html},
}

@Article{KimVishak2008,
  author    = {Kim, Young Mie and Vishak, John},
  title     = {Just Laugh! You Dont Need to Remember: The Effects of Entertainment Media on Political Information Acquisition and Information Processing in Political Judgment},
  journal   = {Journal of Communication},
  year      = {2008},
  volume    = {58},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {338--360},
  month     = jun,
  issn      = {00219916},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.00388.x},
  file      = {:Kim, Vishak (JComm, 2008).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Byproduct Exposure, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.00388.x},
}

@Article{BennettIyengar2008,
  author    = {Bennett, W. Lance and Iyengar, Shanto},
  title     = {A New Era of Minimal Effects? The Changing Foundations of Political Communication},
  journal   = {Journal of Communication},
  year      = {2008},
  volume    = {58},
  pages     = {707--731},
  file      = {:Bennett, Iyengar (J Comm, 2008).pdf:PDF},
  timestamp = {2014.09.23},
}

@Book{Downs1957,
  title     = {An Economic Theory of Democracy},
  publisher = {Harper \& Row},
  year      = {1957},
  author    = {Downs, Anthony},
  address   = {New York},
  booktitle = {New York},
  file      = {:Downs (Ch 11-12, 1957).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, EnvironmentPolarization, prospectus, Syllabi, Dissertation, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Political Groups, Byproduct Exposure, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en\&btnG=Search\&q=intitle:An+Economic+Theory+of+Democracy\#2},
}

@InCollection{Kinder2003a,
  author    = {Kinder, Donald R.},
  title     = {Communication and Politics in the Age of Information},
  booktitle = {Oxford Handboook of Political Psychology},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2003},
  editor    = {Sears, David O. and Huddy, Leonie and Jervis, Robert},
  address   = {New York},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, prospectus, Syllabi, reporting standards, Dissertation, PretreatmentDirection},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{FloydMoyer2010,
  author    = {Floyd, Anna H L and Moyer, Anne},
  title     = {Effects of Participant Preferences in Unblinded Randomized Controlled Trials},
  journal   = {Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics},
  year      = {2010},
  volume    = {5},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {81--93},
  month     = jun,
  issn      = {1556-2646},
  abstract  = {Little research has deliberately investigated the effects of participant preferences for treatment condition in unblinded randomized controlled trials. We designed a study with a non-patient sample comparing a randomized arm to a preference arm of the same trial to investigate: (1) whether having a choice to select one's preference affects feelings about participation, belief in treatment effectiveness, treatment contamination, intervention adherence and engagement, and trial attrition; and (2) the interaction of preferences and treatment assignment on these variables. Contamination and attrition were rare and excluded from analyses. There was no effect of choice. Participants mismatched to preference felt less positive about their experience, but this did not affect belief in treatment, adherence, or engagement. Stronger effects may occur for patient populations.},
  doi       = {10.1525/jer.2010.5.2.81},
  file      = {:Floyd, Moyer (J Emp R on Human Ethics, 2010).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Adult, Attitude, Factor Analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Multivariate Analysis, Patient Preference, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic: methods, Research Design, Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects, Statistical, United States},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  pmid      = {20569152},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20569152},
}

@Article{BerinskyHuberLenz2012,
  author    = {Berinsky, Adam J. and Huber, Gregory A. and Lenz, Gabriel S.},
  title     = {Evaluating Online Labor Markets for Experimental Research: Amazon.com's Mechanical Turk},
  journal   = {Political Analysis},
  year      = {2012},
  volume    = {20},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {351--368},
  month     = mar,
  issn      = {1047-1987},
  doi       = {10.1093/pan/mpr057},
  file      = {:Berinsky, Huber, Lenz (Pol Analysis, 2012).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {methods, ParallelExperiment, PretreatmentDirection},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/pan/mpr057},
}

@Article{Prior2013,
  author  = {Prior, Markus},
  title   = {The Challenge of Measuring Media Exposure: Reply to Dilliplane, Goldman, and Mutz},
  journal = {Political Communication},
  year    = {2013},
  volume  = {30},
  number  = {4},
  pages   = {620--634},
  month   = oct,
  issn    = {1058-4609},
  doi     = {10.1080/10584609.2013.819539},
  file    = {:Prior (PolComm, 2013).pdf:pdf},
  url     = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10584609.2013.819539},
}

@Article{Mullinixetal2015,
  author   = {Mullinix, Kevin J. and Leeper, Thomas J. and Druckman, James N. and Freese, Jeremy},
  title    = {The Generalizability of Survey Experiments},
  journal  = {Journal of Experimental Political Science},
  year     = {2015},
  volume   = {2},
  pages    = {109--138},
  abstract = {Survey experiments have become a central methodology across the social sciences.Researchers can combine experiments' causal power with the generalizability of population-based samples. Yet, due to the expense of population-based samples, much research relies on convenience samples (e.g. students, online opt-in samples). The emergence of affordable, but non-representative online samples has reinvigorated debates about the external validity of experiments.We conduct two studies of how experimental treatment effects obtained from convenience samples compare to effects produced by population samples. In Study 1, we compare effect estimates from four different types of convenience samples and a populationbased sample. In Study 2, we analyze treatment effects obtained from 20 experiments implemented on a population-based sample and Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk). The results reveal considerable similarity between many treatment effects obtained from convenience and nationally representative population-based samples. While the results thus bolster confidence in the utility of convenience samples, we conclude with guidance for the use of a multitude of samples for advancing scientific knowledge.},
  file     = {:Mullinix, Leeper, Druckman, Freese (JEPS, 2015).pdf:PDF},
}

@Article{Kinder1998,
  author    = {Kinder, Donald R.},
  title     = {Communication and Opinion},
  journal   = {Annual Review of Political Science},
  year      = {1998},
  volume    = {1},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {167--197},
  month     = jun,
  issn      = {1094-2939},
  doi       = {10.1146/annurev.polisci.1.1.167},
  file      = {:Kinder (Ann Rev, 1998) - Communication and Opinion.pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Syllabi, AdvancesInPolPsy, agenda setting, campaigns, effects of mass communication, framing, klapper, mass media, minimal effects, opinion, priming, reporting standards, Dissertation, prospectus},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2019-04-24},
}

@Article{XenosBecker2009,
  author    = {Xenos, Michael and Becker, Amy B.},
  title     = {Moments of Zen: Effects of The Daily Show on Information Seeking and Political Learning},
  journal   = {Political Communication},
  year      = {2009},
  volume    = {26},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {317--332},
  month     = jul,
  issn      = {1058-4609},
  doi       = {10.1080/10584600903053569},
  file      = {::;:Xenos, Becker (PolComm, 2009) - Effects of The Daily Show on Information Seeking and Political Learning.pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Byproduct Exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en\&btnG=Search\&q=intitle:Moments+of+Zen:+Effects+of+The+Daily+Show+on+Information+Seeking+and+Political+Learning\#0 http://www.informaworld.com/openurl?genre=article\&doi=10.1080/10584600903053569\&magic=crossref||D404A21C5BB053405B1A640AFFD44AE3},
}

@Book{BoczkowskiMitchelstein2013,
  title     = {The News Gap: When the Information Preferences of the Media and the Public Diverge},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year      = {2013},
  author    = {Boczkowski, Pablo J. and Eugenia Mitchelstein},
}

@Article{Hovland1959,
  author    = {Hovland, Carl I.},
  title     = {Reconciling Conflicting Results Derived from Experimental and Survey Studies of Attitude Change},
  journal   = {The American Psychologist},
  year      = {1959},
  volume    = {14},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {8--17},
  issn      = {0003-066X},
  file      = {:Hovland (Am Psychologist, 1959) - Experiments and Surveys.pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {AGG, methods, prospectus, psychology, Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects, ExposurePreferences, Byproduct Exposure, Dissertation, EnvironmentPolarization, Syllabi},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0003066X07623235},
}

@Article{Morris2009,
  author   = {Morris, Jonathan S. and Francia, P. L.},
  title    = {Cable News, Public Opinion, and the 2004 Party Conventions},
  journal  = {Political Research Quarterly},
  year     = {2009},
  volume   = {63},
  number   = {4},
  pages    = {834--849},
  month    = jul,
  issn     = {1065-9129},
  doi      = {10.1177/1065912909338463},
  file     = {:Morris, Francia (PRQ, 2010) - Cable News, Public Opinion, and the 2004 Party Conventions.pdf:pdf},
  keywords = {cable news,controversial subject for,decades,liberal bias are most,media bias,media bias in the,news has been a,party conventions,pervasive,public opinion,while claims of a},
  url      = {http://prq.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1065912909338463},
}

@Book{ArceneauxJohnson2012,
  title     = {Changing Minds or Changing Channels? Media Effects in the Era of Viewer Choice},
  publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
  year      = {2012},
  author    = {Arceneaux, Kevin and Johnson, Martin},
  address   = {Chicago, IL},
  file      = {:Arceneaux, Johnson (Mansucript, 2012).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {MTurkR},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{ChongDruckman2007a,
  author    = {Chong, Dennis and Druckman, James N.},
  title     = {Framing Public Opinion in Competitive Democracies},
  journal   = {American Political Science Review},
  year      = {2007},
  volume    = {101},
  number    = {4},
  pages     = {637--655},
  month     = nov,
  issn      = {0003-0554},
  doi       = {10.1017/S0003055407070554},
  file      = {:Chong, Druckman (APSR, 2007).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, prospectus, values, EnvironmentPolarization, PretreatmentDirection, AttitudeStructure, Dissertation, reporting standards, PoliticalGroups, Syllabi, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Byproduct Exposure, Meta-analysis, ParallelExperiment},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055407070554},
}

@Article{Burkeetal2008,
  author    = {Burke, L.E. and Warziski, M. and Styn, M.A. and Music, E. and Hudson, A.G. and Sereika, S.M.},
  title     = {A Randomized Clinical Trial of a Standard Versus Vegetarian Diet for Weight Loss: The Impact of Treatment Preference},
  journal   = {International Journal of Obesity},
  year      = {2008},
  volume    = {32},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {166--176},
  month     = jan,
  issn      = {1476-5497},
  abstract  = {With obesity rampant, methods to achieve sustained weight loss remain elusive.},
  doi       = {10.1038/sj.ijo.0803706},
  file      = {:Burke et al (Inatl J Obesity, 2008).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Abdomen, Abdomen: anatomy \& histology, Adolescent, Adult, Body Mass Index, Body Weight, Body Weight: physiology, Cholesterol, Cholesterol: blood, Diet, Dissertation, Fat-Restricted, Humans, Middle Aged, Overweight, Overweight: blood, Overweight: diet therapy, Reducing, Triglycerides, Triglycerides: blood, Vegetarian, Weight Loss, Weight Loss: physiology, Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  pmid      = {17700579},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17700579},
}

@Article{MessingWestwood2014,
  author    = {Messing, Solomon and Westwood, Sean J.},
  title     = {Selective Exposure in the Age of Social Media: Endorsements Trump Partisan Source Affiliation When Selecting News Online},
  journal   = {Communication Research},
  year      = {2014},
  volume    = {41},
  number    = {8},
  pages     = {1042--1063},
  month     = dec,
  issn      = {0093-6502},
  abstract  = {Much of the literature on polarization and selective exposure presumes that the internet exacerbates the fragmentation of the media and the citizenry. Yet this ignores how the widespread use of social media changes news consumption. Social media provide readers a choice of stories from different sources that come recommended from politically heterogeneous individuals, in a context that emphasizes social value over partisan affiliation. Building on existing models of news selectivity to emphasize information utility, we hypothesize that social media's distinctive feature, social endorsements, trigger several decision heuristics that suggest utility. In two experiments, we demonstrate that stronger social endorsements increase the probability that people select content and that their presence reduces partisan selective exposure to levels indistinguishable from chance.},
  doi       = {10.1177/0093650212466406},
  file      = {:Messing, Westwood (CommR, 2014).pdf:PDF;:Messing, Westwood (CR, 2013).pdf:PDF},
  isbn      = {0093650212466},
  keywords  = {selective exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://crx.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0093650212466406},
}

@Article{Leeper2013a,
  author    = {Leeper, Thomas J.},
  title     = {Crowdsourcing with R and the MTurk API},
  journal   = {The Political Methodologist},
  year      = {2013},
  volume    = {20},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {2--7},
  file      = {:The Political Methodologist Vol2n2.pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {MTurkR},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{Prior2009b,
  author    = {Prior, Markus},
  title     = {The Immensely Inflated News Audience: Assessing Bias in Self-Reported News Exposure},
  journal   = {Public Opinion Quarterly},
  year      = {2009},
  volume    = {73},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {130--143},
  month     = mar,
  issn      = {0033-362X},
  doi       = {10.1093/poq/nfp002},
  file      = {:Prior (POQ, 2009).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Dissertation, Byproduct Exposure, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://poq.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/poq/nfp002},
}

@Article{GelmanImbens2013,
  author   = {Gelman, Andrew and Imbens, Guido W.},
  title    = {Why ask Why? Forward Causal Inference and Reverse Causal Questions},
  year     = {2013},
  note     = {NBER Working Paper 19614},
  abstract = {The statistical and econometrics literature on causality is more focused on "effects of causes" than on "causes of effects." That is, in the standard approach it is natural to study the effect of a treatment, but it is not in general possible to define the causes of any particular outcome. This has led some researchers to dismiss the search for causes as "cocktail party chatter" that is outside the realm of science. We argue here that the search for causes can be understood within traditional statistical frameworks as a part of model checking and hypothesis generation. We argue that it can make sense to ask questions about the causes of effects, but the answers to these questions will be in terms of effects of causes.},
  file     = {:Gelman, Imbens (NBER Working paper, 2013).pdf:PDF},
  url      = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w19614},
}

@Article{Prior2009a,
  author    = {Prior, Markus},
  title     = {Improving Media Effects Research through Better Measurement of News Exposure},
  journal   = {The Journal of Politics},
  year      = {2009},
  volume    = {71},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {893--908},
  month     = jul,
  issn      = {0022-3816},
  doi       = {10.1017/S0022381609090781},
  file      = {:Prior (JOP, 2009).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {ObservedSelectiveExposure, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Dissertation, selective exposure, Byproduct Exposure, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract\_S0022381609090781},
}

@InCollection{NelsonBrynerCarnahan2011,
  author    = {Nelson, Thomas E. and Bryner, Sarah McKinnon and Carnahan, Dustin},
  title     = {Media and Politics},
  booktitle = {Cambridge Handbook of Experimental Political Science},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2011},
  editor    = {Druckman, James N. and Green, Donald P. and Kuklinski, James H. and Lupia, Arthur},
  chapter   = {14},
  pages     = {201--213},
  address   = {New York},
  keywords  = {ObservedSelectiveExposure, reporting standards, Dissertation, ParallelExperiment, selective exposure},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{Berelson1952,
  author    = {Berelson, Bernard R.},
  title     = {Democratic Theory and Public Opinion},
  journal   = {Public Opinion Quarterly},
  year      = {1952},
  volume    = {16},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {313--330},
  issn      = {0033-362X},
  file      = {:Berelson (POQ, 1952).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, prospectus, Dissertation, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {JSTOR},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/2745778},
}

@Article{EvelandScheufele2000,
  author    = {Eveland, William P. and Scheufele, Dietram A.},
  title     = {Connecting News Media Use with Gaps in Knowledge and Participation},
  journal   = {Political Communication},
  year      = {2000},
  volume    = {17},
  number    = {3},
  pages     = {215--237},
  issn      = {1058-4609},
  file      = {:Eveland, Scheufele (Pol Comm, 2000).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Dissertation, ExposurePreferences, Byproduct Exposure, a consensual, but it does assure, having relatively equal amounts, knowledge gap, newspapers, nor a particular outcome, of information assures neither, political learning, political participation, prospectus, television news, that whatever decisions are, voting},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en\&btnG=Search\&q=intitle:Connecting+News+Media+Use+with+Gaps+in+Knowledge+and+Participation\#0},
}

@Article{Clarketal2008,
  author    = {Clark, Noreen M. and Janz, Nancy K. and Dodge, Julia A. and Mosca, Lori and Lin, Xihong and Long, Qi and Little, Roderick J.A. and Wheeler, John R.C. and Keteyian, Steven and Liang, Jersey},
  title     = {The Effect of Patient Choice of Intervention on Health Outcomes},
  journal   = {Contemporary Cinical Trials},
  year      = {2008},
  volume    = {29},
  number    = {5},
  pages     = {679--686},
  month     = sep,
  issn      = {1559-2030},
  abstract  = {Patient preference may influence intervention effects, but has not been extensively studied. Randomized controlled design (N=1075) assessed outcomes when women (60 years+) were given a choice of two formats of a program to enhance heart disease management.},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.cct.2008.04.002},
  file      = {:Clark et al (Contemporary Clinical Trials, 2008).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {80 and over, Aged, Choice Behavior, Disease Management, Dissertation, Female, Health Status, Heart Diseases, Humans, Middle Aged, Patient Satisfaction, Research Design, Treatment Outcome, Self-SelectedTreatmentEffects},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  pmid      = {18515187},
  publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2577598\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
}

@InCollection{Converse1964,
  author    = {Converse, Philip E.},
  title     = {The Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Publics},
  booktitle = {Ideology and Discontent},
  publisher = {Free Press},
  year      = {1964},
  editor    = {Apter, David},
  pages     = {206--261},
  address   = {New York},
  doi       = {10.1080/08913810608443650},
  file      = {:Converse (in Apter, 1964) - v1.pdf:pdf;:Converse (in Apter, 1964) - v3.pdf:pdf;:Converse (in Apter, 1964) - Critical Review reprint.pdf:pdf;:Converse (in Apter, 1964) - v2.pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, prospectus, DKs, OpinionQuestions, Dissertation, AttitudeStructure, Syllabi, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Byproduct Exposure, PanelStability, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
}

@Article{Althaus2006,
  author    = {Althaus, Scott L.},
  title     = {False Starts, Dead Ends, and New Opportunities in Public Opinion Research},
  journal   = {Critical Review},
  year      = {2006},
  volume    = {18},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {75--104},
  issn      = {0891-3811},
  doi       = {10.1080/08913810608443651},
  file      = {:Althaus (Critical Review, 2006).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {AdvancesInPolPsy, Citizen competence, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement, Dissertation, FAVORITE},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en\&btnG=Search\&q=intitle:False+starts,+dead+ends,+and+new+opportunities+in+public+opinion+research\#0},
}

@Article{Baum2002,
  author    = {Baum, Matthew A.},
  title     = {Sex, Lies, and War: How Soft News Brings Foreign Policy to the Inattentive Public},
  journal   = {American Political Science Review},
  year      = {2002},
  volume    = {96},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {91--109},
  issn      = {0003-0554},
  file      = {:Baum (APSR, 2002).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Dissertation, ObservedSelectiveExposure, Byproduct Exposure, ExposurePreferences},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  timestamp = {2013.12.11},
  url       = {http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract\_S0003055402004252},
}

@Article{Lupia1994,
  author    = {Lupia, Arthur},
  title     = {Shortcuts Versus Encyclopedias: Information and Voting Behavior in California Insurance Reform Elections},
  journal   = {American Political Science Review},
  year      = {1994},
  volume    = {88},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {63--76},
  month     = mar,
  issn      = {00030554},
  doi       = {10.2307/2944882},
  file      = {:Lupia (APSR, 1994).pdf:pdf},
  keywords  = {Dissertation, AdvancesInPolPsy, prospectus, Citizen competence, Syllabi, PoliticalGroups, StrongAttitudesBiasedEngagement},
  owner     = {Thomas},
  timestamp = {2020-02-23},
  url       = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/2944882?origin=crossref},
}

@Comment{jabref-meta: databaseType:bibtex;}
